Do It Yourself Crime Prevention:
Your Crime Prevention Handbook

                Just by opening this book, you've shown your desire to make Washington's 
cities, towns, and communities safe.

                We lose more than belongings to the criminals who attack our communities. We 
lose our freedom - the freedom to feel safe walking city streets after dark, going to a park 
alone, or letting our children walk home from school. We even lose the ability to feel secure 
in our own homes. And our law enforcement agencies, no matter how effective, can't 
protect us completely.

                We can't always get back what crime takes away. But we can take back our freedom 
to feel safe. This "Do It Yourself" handbook gives us the tools we need to ensure greater security for ourselves and our families. Do your part: Go over the checklists on burglary prevention, personal safety, and child safety, and make the recommended changes.

                You can help prevent crime in other ways, as well. Start with your own kids, by supporting local schools and getting involved in activities. Teach your children to say no 
to drugs, and help them foster skills to lead productive, fulfilling lives.

                In the community, you can also participate in programs and organizations such 
as Boy and Girl Scouts of America, Boys and Girls Clubs, Big Sisters, and Junior 
Achievement. Take part in Crime Stoppers  and anti-drug campaigns. Set up a block watch 
and participate in Operation ID.

                By working together, we can Empower ourselves to make our streets safe for everyone.

Contents:

Section One:

Home Security:

                1. Physical Security

                                Locks

                                Door Frames

                                Exterior Doors

                                Sliding Doors and Windows:

                                Window Glass and Plastics

                                Miscellaneous:

                                Garages

                2. Alarms

                3. Block Watch

                4. Operation Identification 

Section Two:

Personal Safety:

                Personal Safety Check List:

                                In The Home

                                Telephone Answering

                                On The Go

                                In Your Car

                                Child Safety

                                Child Safety Check List

Section Three:

Personal Property Security

                Auto Theft Prevention

                Bicycle Safety

                Vandalism/Graffiti

Section Four:

Community Policing:

                The Role of Citizens

                The Role of Police

                Community Policing Programs

                Crime Stoppers

                Stop Fraud Network

Section One:

          Home Security:

                                Burglary is a crime that threatens all homes, but especially those which provide criminals with the "opportunity" to intrude, steal and escape undetected. 
There are four primary strategies you can employ to minimize the burglar's opportunity:

                                1. Physical Security

                                2. Alarms

                                3. Block Watch

                                4. Operation Identification

                Physical Security:

                                Alarms:

                                Many types of alarm systems work well to protect homes. The system should be individually tailored to suit the needs of the residents. Consult your 
crime prevention officer.

                                Interior Lighting:

                                When you are away from home, keep some interior lights on. This creates the appearance that someone is home. Use a timer to turn the lights off and on 
at normal hours. A radio playing adds to the illusion that the home is occupied.

                                Exterior Doors:

                                Install solid-core wood doors with rugged frames that cannot be spread apart with a pry bar. A single cylinder deadbolt with a one inch throw, in 
addition to the key-in the-knob lock, is essential. Use a wide angle viewer to observe 
visitors.

                                Garage Doors:

                                Always keep them closed and locked. A burglar in your garage has access to tools  and ladders and can often work on your home undetected.

                                Windows:

                                Windows should have auxiliary locking devices. Keep your windows 
closed and locked when you are away. Screens and storm windows should be securely fastened to the structure.

                                Landscaping:

                                Shrubs that provide you with privacy also give a burglar a place to hide. Prune bushes down to two feet or trim trees up at least four feet.

                                Exterior Lighting:

                                A 40 watt light at each entrance, including the garage, will provide 
you with both safety and security and will not be wasting our nation's energy when used 
in conjunction with a timer or sensor.

                Time, noise and light are a burglar's worst enemy. With a little effort, you can 
set up deterrents against possible danger, injury to people or damage to property. By anticipating the opportunity  and taking proper preventative action, it is possible to 
effectively "harden the target" and discourage most burglars from attempting a break in.

                Included in the following pages are steps that you can take to improve the security 
of your home. Many of these suggestions  are inexpensive and some can be done yourself.

                These recommendations are intended to help you better assess the security of 
your home and to select new security devices. Don't hesitate to seek the professional assistance of your local law enforcement crime prevention unit.

                It cannot be stressed enough that all homeowners must take the responsibility to assess and, if necessary, improve the security of their own home.

Locks:

                Locks are the first line of defense against intruders. No one would argue with this statement. But too few homeowners  know if the locks on their premises provide any reasonable degree of protection against thieves. It has often been said "the average lock is designed to keep out honest men". Locks on the market today range from bad to excellent in their protective qualities. Therefore, it is important to know which locks work and which one do not.

Primary Locks:

                Key in the Knob Locks:

                These locks have the cylinder in the knob and are commonly called cylindrical locks.

                Extra force on the knob can defeat the locking mechanism. In most cases, cylinders are not designed with pick-resistant features. Keys can be readily duplicated.

                Minimum security is provided. Two kinds of latches are common to these locks-the spring latch and the deadlocking latch.

                The Spring Latch:

                Since the bolt is spring-operated, it can be pushed out of the striker plate by inserting a piece of plastic (credit card), thin metal or wire between the door and frame. The bolt can also be held back by tape or the hole in the striker can be stuffed with wadding.

                Security: none

                Dead Latch Bolts:

                This is identical to a standard latch bolt in operation but when the door is shut the latch becomes "dead", the spring action having been blocked by a lever operated by a "pin" beside the bolt. This "pin" is depressed by part of the striker plate when the door is shut. Very little force may be required to move the bolt out of the striker.

                Security: Minimal

                Door Wedge:

                A wedge is inexpensive and when two steel pins are inserted into the floor plate, the door may be opened a few inches. The pins prevent the wedge from slipping if force is applied to the door from the outside. When not in use, it stores in a convenient holder. This type of a wedge with a non-skid surface instead of a pin may also be useful for bedroom doors. Also consider putting an extension phone in the bedroom for emergencies.

Auxiliary Locks:

                Deadbolts:

                The deadbolt gets its name from the fact that it does not move (is "dead") except with a key or thumb turn. It cannot be slipped with a card  or tool because it has no spring attached. This means that to lock a deadbolt, you must use a key from the outside. If you pull your door shut and walk away, your deadbolt is not locked and your house is not secure. Remember to lock when you leave. There are a few things you should check when selecting a deadbolt lock.

                1. the "bolt" should be no less than 1" when fully extended and should retain part of the bolt within the mechanism of the lock. This ensures some degree of strength where the bolt and mechanism meet.

                2. The outside collar surrounding the cylinder should be of a substantial construction, i.e. not a thin alloy that can be easily crushed or ripped open. "Slip rings" are a feature of some slightly more expensive models. They allow the collar to rotate freely. This prevents the cylinder from being twisted off with vice grips or a pipe wrench.

                3. It is important that a suitable strike plate be attached to the frame e to ensure a strong anchor point for the bolt to sit in.

                4. This lock is available with a double cylinder (key required to lock it from the inside as well as the outside). This is recommended for commercial applications only, not residential. Many fire prevention professionals warn that double-cylinder deadbolts create a health hazard in the event your family must  flee the home quickly to avoid fire.         

Door Frames:       

                A lock is only as strong as the door to which it is attached. Outside door should be of solid - core construction.

                Even the best locks and doors can be defeated by a burglary method known as spreading, where either a wedge or jack-like device is inserted between the two door frames. These methods can often be successful because doors and frames are purchased as single units and are placed into the wall opening provided by the builder during construction.

                Although the opening between the wall and frame is braced at the top and the bottom with alignment wedges, the midsections are often left open, thus permitting the frame to bow under pressure. Solid blocks inserted between these openings will help to resist this form of attack.

                To strengthen the frame, install large (3-4 inch screws) through the doorstop strip and the frame and into the heavier wood of the wall construction. The screws pull the door frame and doorstop strip tightly against the main wall's 2"by 4”s. Put such screws on the hinge side also to further reduce a burglar's ability to spread the door and frame.

                If appearance is a concern, drill a shallow hole slightly larger than the screw head so the screw can be recessed and fill the depression with patching compound. Then sand and paint.

Hinges:

                Check to see if the screws in the hinge leaves are small screws? If so, replace them with large screws. Where possible, use screws at least 3 inches long to go into the wall stud beyond the frame. When using larger screws, first drill a pilot hole slightly larger than the screw shank to prevent splitting the frame.

Exposed hinges:

                Most exterior doors in homes and apartments open inward with the hinges on the inside. This arrangement protects the hinges from tampering. If your door opens outward, you must make sure that your exposed hinges are secure.

                1. If your hinges are secure. If, however, the exposed hinge-pins can be removed, then you should consider changing hinges to the non-removable, commercially-pinned type.

                2. Alternatively, drill a matching hole in each leaf or remove a matching screw from each. Into one hole, insert a screw that is 1/2" longer than the hole is deep into the door leaf. Cut off the screw head with a hacksaw. Now when the door closes, the headless screw will fit into the hole on the opposite leaf and hold the door to the frame even with hinge pins removed.

Strikers:

                When considering a "deadbolt" as an auxiliary lock, it is often forgotten that, although this improves the means of locking the door there still remains a weakness in the door frame to force applied to the door.

                A metal strike is installed on or in the door frame and is intended to house and protect the bolt of the lock. A typical strike is shown opposite and is often only fastened with 3/4" screws. Install at least 3" screws.

                Most standard strike plates are small and are installed with short screws. It is important that the desired measure of security is not compromised. Therefore, an extended strike plate should be added to the frame to complement a good dead bolt. These extended strike plates are available from locksmiths in 8" or 12" sizes, and when attached with 2-1/2" to 3" screws, add a substantial degree of strength to the frame. A high security box-types strike installed with 2-1/2" to 3" screws through the door jam and into the wall stud will offer a strong housing for the bolt of a deadbolt lock.

Exterior Doors:

                Exterior wooden doors should be solid-core but some may be hollow-core. Test yours by knocking on them. If a door sounds hollow, you have a door made of two thin wood panels filled with cardboard or fiber filler. It is easy to punch or cut a hole through a hollow-core door and reach the lock inside.

                1. Replace the hollow-core or window door with a solid-core door. (Hollow-core doors are not suitable for exterior use in any case). Or better still, a steel door with suitable hardware will provide both security and better insulation.

                2. A more economical solution is to reinforce the door on both sides with sheets of plywood, wood-grained formica, etc.

                Even if your door is solid, you need to be concerned about the locks on the door.

Exterior Doors with Glass or Thin Panels:

                Wooden doors with inset glass or thin wooden panels are easy for a burglar to penetrate and reach the lock inside. Burglars can also reach locks by breaking glass near doors.

                Inspect the glass in or by your entrance. Consider installing a shatter-resistant plastic film adhered to the inside surface or a polycarbonate (Lexan) to the inside window frame.

French or Double Doors:

                Your first concern with French or double doors is to brace one door with recessed cane bolts to reduce inward "give" of the doors. This leaves only one door active. Then install a single cylinder deadbolt with  a one inch throw in the other door.

Sliding Doors and Windows:

                Exterior sliding doors and windows have a number of security problems in common.. Many glass doors and sliding windows have flimsy locks that are easily pried or even juggled open.

                1. If the door or window slides on an inside track, you may use a metal rod or cut down a length of wooden dowel to fit snugly along the bottom track to prevent the door from being forced open.

                2. A "Charlie Bar" is a more permanent and visible means of preventing lateral movement. Some models are designed to fit an outside sliding door panel.

                3. Some doors and windows can be secured with a pin. Inspect your door or window in the fully-closed position. I f the frame permits drilling, drill  a hole through the outside frame and halfway through the sliding one. Slide into place a pin or sturdy nail that fits the hole snugly to prevent the door or window from being forced pup or back. Be careful when drilling through the frame that you don't damage the thermal seal or the glass. Fire safety requires that pin locks be installed at the bottom of a window, not at the top. This is to avoid super-heated air near the ceiling of a home engulfed in flames.

Window Glass and Plastics:

                If a door presents a reasonable barrier, a burglar may try to enter through a window and forcing open the window catch with a screwdriver or pry bar. If this fails, some will attempt to remove a pane of glass by removing the glazing  splines or putty with a knife . If this is unsuccessful, the burglar may be prepared to break glass, reach in and release the window catch.

                To reduce the opportunity for entry by breaking window glass, you may wish to consider one of the following options.

                1) An operable window, if seldom used and not required as an emergency exit, may be securely closed with tamper-resistant screws.

                2) Replace thin glass with tempered or laminated glass. Reinforce the glazing  spline with longer Finnish nails or replace the old putty and, while doing so, add additional glazing points  to make certain windows cannot be removed from the exterior. If necessary, it would be better to replace the sash with one where glazing is held in place by an interior space.

                Normal window pane glass is approximately 1/8" thick, extremely brittle and easily broken. Plate glass is usually a minimum of 1/4" thick and will withstand an accidental knock. Plate glass is used for larger areas because of its greater strength due to increased thickness and because the initial cost is worth the extra protection. Tempered glass, in addition to providing greater strength than ordinary glass for equivalent thickness, will not cut someone who breaks it.

                Several companies have developed transparent polycarbonate materials that look like glass but are very difficult to break. However, these polycarbonate and acrylic materials should not be used as a window replacement. They are pliable and can be pushed out of the frame. These may cost two to three times as much as glass and have varying resistance to scratching. The more commonly available glazing materials follow, arranged in descending order of resistance to breakage:

                Highest Resistance (Unbreakable):

                Polycarbonate plastic, vinyl-bonded laminated glass, 1/2" thick or more.

                Acrylic plastic sheets, 3/8"thick or more.

                Medium Resistance (Vandal-Resistant)

                Wired glass, 1/4" thick.

                Laminated glass, approximately 1/8" thick.

                Acrylic plastic, approximately 1/8" thick depending on specific chemical characteristics.

                Medium Resistance (Break-Resistant)

                Plate Glass 1/4" thick.

                Conventional float or sheet window glass, more than 1/4" thick.

                Tempered plate glass, 1/8" or more in thickness.

                Note: Because he materials produced by various manufacturers may differ, this list should be regarded only as a guide. Ask your dealer to provide details on the resistance of the product to breakage.         

Shatter-Resistant Window Film:

                A new transparent polyester film is now available to make windows stronger and more impenetrable. It is no more than .007 inch thick, yet when applied to the inside of any window will hold the glass firmly together if broken.

                This particularly useful in sidelights, entrance doors with glass panels or windows where there is access to inside doorknobs or catches. This film is inexpensive and easy to apply.

Heavy Duty Screen:

                Heavy duty security screens with a minimum 3/4 inch times number 9 wire mesh, can be used to protect vulnerable areas. When installing any wire mesh, bars or grillwork, it is best to install it on the inside of the glass. If that is impossible, then install the screen with one way screws or a 3 inch lag bolt (with ends rounded off) to make removal of the screen from the outside more difficult.

Ornamental Grillwork:

                Ornamental grillwork can be used to protect windows that are particularly vulnerable and easily accessible. To insure fire safety, use an inside release mechanism that is approved by your fire department so you can remove the grill in an emergency.

                No untreated glass should be used when security is a problem in doors or entry ways. Even when deadbolts are used, if untreated glass panels would give a burglar access to the thumb turn, that glass should be replaced with treated glass or break-resistant plastic.

Garages and Basements:

Grillwork, Guards, and Bars:

                Basements usually have the casement-style window and are particularly vulnerable to entry. The young persons responsible for most residential burglaries need very little space through which to enter a home, and the poor quality of window catch offers little resistance to the most casual attempt at entry.

                Basement windows, even in a window well, will afford ample opportunity to a child or young person, and as such should be given as much attention for security improvements as other parts of the home. Improving only the window catch is usually not sufficient as the hinges are fastened with short screws, the frame is often not anchored into the foundation wall and the glass is single pane and easily broken.

                Metal window bars or grills fastened securely to the exterior of the foundation wall, or between the storm screen and window, or to the interior basement wall are the only truly effective means of giving basement window proper security.

                There are many styles of window bars and different methods of installation, some with non-removable screws, some with pins and others with a  padlock.

                Once again, to insure fire safety, use bars or grillwork that has an inside release mechanism.

                Fire Caution:

                You can deny a burglar quick, silent entry while leaving quick fire exits for your family. It is best to first call the Fire Department for advise on fire escape plans and then make security improvements with that escape plan in mind. Rehearse the escape plan, especially with children.

Miscellaneous:

                Exterior Lights:

                Lighting is considered one of the best determents to burglary. High pressure sodium or mercury vapor lights attached to timers are very effective tools that prevent trouble.

                Passive infrared sensors that turn lights on when movement is detected are available. They are excellent for enclosed backyards, sidewalks or driveways,. They can be cumbersome when the area has a lot of foot traffic or animals.

Interior Lights:

                During the hours of darkness, and prior to a normal bedtime hour, a home should have lights on in various rooms. A home not showing any interior lights will give the appearance of being unoccupied and could attract the unwanted attention of a burglar. Similarly, a home owner who leaves lights on when absent for a weekend or longer will attract attention to the home during the night because all other homes in the area are in darkness.

                A light timer installed in a living room or family room and another in a bedroom, each set to come on and to go off at different times, will give your home the appearance of being occupied during the hours of darkness even when it is not. Timers can also be used to turn on and off a radio.

Chain Locks:

                The chain lock is often used as a night latch. Chain locks are not recommended because they are usually mounted with short screws and have weak chains.

Through Door Viewers:

                In order to avoid opening your door without knowing who is there, a viewing device is recommended.

                The best solution is to install a through -door viewer, a miniature telescope with a wide angle (220 degree) lens to let you see someone standing to one side of the door. These are relatively inexpensive and will adjust to varying door thickness.

Ladders:

                Step and/or extension ladders should not be left outside the house unless secured to an anchor point with a chin and padlock. Similarly, ladders left unsecured in an open garage will afford easy access to a burglar.

Storm Doors:

                In warm weather, people like to leave their doors open, relying upon the locked storm door to secure the house while working upstairs or in the yard. Sitting the screen will allow a thief quick and quiet access to the inside lock and consequent entry to the home.

                Install a "hook and eye" on the upper part of the storm door. This  will hold the door closed even if the would-be thief tampers with the door lock.

Garages:

                Keep the garage door locked at all times. There is no need to advertise your absence by showing the public your empty garage. Your garage also probably contains valuable items such as bicycles, tools and garden equipment. The burglar may drive right into your garage, close the door and load up the goods, or break into your house from the garage by using your tools to force entry.

                The entrance door between a garage and the home should be a solid-core wooden or metal door with a single cylinder deadbolt.

                As most garage doors contain less than satisfactory locking devices, you may wish to have a better grade installed. In addition, if you have an overhead garage door, you can increase security by drilling a hole in one of the tracks or door or both and placing a hook o or other device in the hole to stop the door from being opened.

                Double, side-hinged garage doors can be made more secure by the installation of cane bolts. You may wish to consider installing an automatic garage door opener. This device allows you to stay in the safety of your vehicle until the garage door opens instead of having to get out to pen it.

                It is best to purchase a dual frequency remote garage door opener and a worm drill or locking chain mechanism.

                A positive point in favor of automatic garage door openers is that the arms and linkage on the door act as a barrier to forced entry. On the negative side, the door may open from a stray signal. Find out whether the unit you are considering purchasing will filter unwanted signals. This equipment can be disconnected from the power source if the house is not occupied for a period of time.

Section 2 Alarms:

                Sturdy window and door locks are the first important steps in improving the security your home. Entry is made difficult and often not much more is required to deter a burglar. For additional protection, an electronic alarm system would provide excellent back-up to these security devices.

                Homes that are left unoccupied or long periods of time or those situated in a location that prevents easy observation by neighbors are considered more vulnerable. An alarm system can provide valuable security and greater peace of mind for these homeowners.

                No other security system is as efficient and practical for alerting neighbors and/or police that a break-in has occurred. The intruder is scared off for fear of being apprehended.

                Alarm systems are offered in a variety of forms and the average homeowner may be somewhat confused when first exploring the alarm market.

                Some alarms are simple, self-contained units that are cheap and designed to suit a single door or window. These types of alarms alert someone who is home.

                Other alarms take the form of more elaborate systems that can either be wired to a bell or horn.  this sounds the alarm locally (in or immediately outside the house) or it can alert a central monitoring station which will notify the police if an alarm signal is received.

                Most residential security alarm systems fall into two general categories; perimeter intrusion detectors and area intrusion detectors.             

                Perimeter intrusion detectors are installed on the outside doors and windows. Area intrusion detection cover a given area or trap zone within the residence. Since area intrusion detectors are not useful when pets are left in the home, consider using mechanical sensors on some of the interior doors.      

Recommended System:

                An Ideal system includes:

                                1. Central station Monitoring including local alarm (outside siren).

                                2. Sensors on perimeter doors and vulnerable windows.

                                3. Sensors protecting the interior.

                                4. Stationary or remote "panic buttons".

                                5. Fire Sensors.

Questions to Ask an Alarm Company Salesperson:

                1. Is the firm established, with a history of performance and service?

                2. Does the alarm company have insurance to cover the cost of any damage to your property caused by the company during installation of the system?

                3. Are the company and installers properly licensed and bonded? Is anything subcontracted (installation, service or monitoring)?

                4. Is the alarm company a member of the  Washington Burglary and Fire Alarm Association (800-248-9272)?

                5. Is the system equipped with a battery back-up? Is the e battery rechargeable

                6. Does the company offer a written guarantee? What is guaranteed and for how long? Are parts and labor covered?

                For more information about alarm systems, contact your local police or sheriff's office.

Section 3 Block Watch:     

                Cooperative community effort is still society's most effective tool in accomplishing objectives too large for the individual. An isolated individual may have little control over his environment, but in cooperation with other, can accomplish much.

                You and your neighbors can prevent crime within your community and make it a safer, more secure place to live. Even though today's lifestyles sometimes make it difficult to be as neighborly as we'd like, being a good neighbor is one of the best ways to prevent crime. Neighbors can be your best protection when out band together to  look out for each other's interests.

What is Block Watch?

                Block Watch is simply a program of neighbors watching other neighbors' property. At all times when you are at home, be alert to what's going on in your neighborhood. A police officer patrolling your community may not recognize a stranger in your yard, but your neighbors would.          

How Does It Work?

                The program works through cooperation - Neighbors Watching out for Neighbors. Neighbors know who you are, and what type of car you own,. They may be the first to notice a burglar at your window or door. Each neighbor can effectively watch those homes to each side, the front and back of his own home.

                The Block Watch program is not intended to form citizen crime watch patrols or vigilante groups. You are only asked to report the situation to the police and let them handle it. It is not a good idea to confront any suspicious person(s) or attempt arrest yourself; your safety could be in jeopardy.

Activities to Watch for?

                Scream from anywhere.

                Anyone removing valuables from homes or vehicles.

                Sound of broken windows or shattered wood.

                Persons going door to door.

                Strange vehicles parked at your neighbor's house.

                Vehicle passing by numerous times, suspiciously parked or constantly traveling back alleys.

                Anyone being forced into a car.

                Beam from flashlight or light in neighbor's home.

                Persons loitering around neighborhood.

                If you see something suspicious. Write down the description any suspicious persons. get the make, model, color and license numbers of strange vehicles. Call the police and other members of your block Watch group immediately. Don't assume someone else has called. Call the Police Immediately.

How to Report a Crime:

                Law enforcement needs your help reporting crimes. Be alert wherever you are and learn to recognize crime. When you see or hear something that might indicate a criminal act is being committed, don't hesitate to call the police.

                When you are reporting a crime, stay calm and state the problem. Give the  address where the emergency is occurring . Remember to give the full address and the nearest cross street.

                It is important to be able to describe the offender to police after the offense has occurred. Police need to know the suspect's race, sex, age, height, weight, build, complexion, hair color, eye color, clothing and miscellaneous identifying marks such has tattoos, scars, etc.

                Let the police dispatcher control the conversation. Answer all questions to ensure the best response. If you wish to remain anonymous, give your name to the operator, then request anonymity and tell the operator that if the elope need more information, they can call you later.

                To ensure complete anonymity, call the Crime Stoppers program in your community (see Chapter Four - a Community Policing Programs).

What Else Can You Do?

                Exchange work and vacation schedules with a neighbor(s) you trust so you can keep an eye on each other's homes. If you know that your neighbor is away and you see an obvious invitation to a burglar., correct it. Close the open garage door and remove the accumulation of newspapers from the doorstep. Make the effort ! Become acquainted with your neighbors.

How to Develop the program:

                To develop a Block Watch program in your neighborhood , contact your local police/sheriff's department. They will assist in developing a community plan. For the program to be totally effective, each resident must take an active role in both security improvement and observation.

Section 4 Operation Identification:   

                Going hand in hand with security measures is the "Operation Identification" program. Operation Identification is a crime prevention program specifically designed to discourage theft and provide a means of easy identification of stolen and lost property by  marking your valuables.

                Have you ever wondered what happens to property  that is seized or recovered by the police? In many cases it is destroyed or auctioned simply because it can't be traced to the proper owners.  In cases or property that is seized  by police from suspected burglars, criminal charges cannot be made if the property is not positively identified as belonging to someone else.

                Proper identification makes it easier for the police to return personal property. How would you feel if you had an irreplaceable heirloom stolen from you? Even though your insurance might cover it, you'd probably rather have the item itself returned to you. Engraving your Washington State Drivers License Number, preceded by the initials WADL on valuables identifies them as uniquely yours. If you do not have a driver's license, engrave your Washington State Identification card, preceded by the initials WAID on your valuables.

                The program is a strong deterrent to thieves. Although it does not guarantee your valuables will not be stolen, it has been shown to reduce the incidence of stolen property. Marked articles are difficult to dispose of because they rare more easily traced.

How do You Join Operation Identification               

                It's simple, just get in touch with your local police/sheriff's department and you can borrow an electric engraver at no charge. For deterrent purposes, the identification number should be clearly visible, without marring the appearance  of the item. A second hidden number may also be applied.

                You will also be supplied with inventory forms to record your marked property. Keep one copy for yourself in a safe place and a second copy can be sent to your insurance company. Operation identification is just one more step you can take to protect your valuables.

Burglary Prevention List:

Outside Perimeter:

Y             N                Are doors fitted with dead-bolt locks?

Y             N                Are your doors of solid construction?

Y             N                Do your doors fit their frames snugly?

Y             N                Are strike plates properly secured?

Y             N                Do you have key locks on inside doors within arms reach of windows?

Y             N                Are door hinges vulnerable?

Y             N                Do you lock your porch and garage?

y              N                Do you lock your doors when away from home for short periods?

Y             N                Do you lock the doors out of your view when working in the yard?

Y             N                Do you avoid leaving keys hidden near access doors?

Y             N                Do you leave notes on the door to indicate your absence?

Y             N             Are your windows fitted with locks and do you lock them?

Y             N                Are sliding doors and windows secured with a track pin or Charlie Bar?

Y             N                Do you keep tools, ladders, etc., in places inaccessible to potential burglars?

Y             N                Do you store lawn mowers, snow blowers, gas barbecues, etc., out of sight when not in use?

Y             N                Do you light the outside of your home to discourage prowling or loitering?

Y             N                When you move to a new residence do you hire a reliable locksmith to re-key all locks?

Y             N                Do you change your locks immediately if your keys are lost or stolen.

Inside Security:

Y             N                Do you refuse to provide information regarding your property to telephone surveys?

Y             N                Do you avoid leaving valuables, coin collections or large amounts of cash at home?

Y             N                Do you leave lights on and a radio playing when out for short periods?

Y             N                Have you marked your valuables or recorded serial numbers for identification?

Vacation Security:

Y             N                Do you notify a neighbor of your travel pans and give a key with a request for a periodic house check?

Y             N                Do you leave window shades in the normal position?

Y             N                Do you cancel all deliveries?

Y             N                Do you make arrangements for your yard to be kept up and any mail or brochures to be picked up?

Y             N                If you own a second car, do you park it in the driveway?

Y             N                Do you use a light timer on interior and exterior lights?

Y             N                Do you double check all doors and windows to be sure they are properly secured before leaving?

Apartment Security:

Y             N                Do you refer unknown persons seeking entrance to the manager?

Y             N                Do you report suspicious activities to the manager or police?

Y             N                Do you advise the manager of any travel plans and request apartment checks and mail pick-up?

Y             N                Do you store valuable property in your apartment locker?

IF YOU ANSWER IS NO TO ANY OF THE ABOVE YOU SHOULD IMPROVE YOUR HOME SECURITY:

                You may feel additional home security is an unnecessary financial burden, but consider that home security is not renewable. It is one of the few ways you can permanently protect your family, yourself and your home. It also must be stressed that most home's security can be vastly improved by modifying and improving existing windows and doors.

SECTION  TWO:

PERSONAL SAFETY:           

                Most crimes are crimes of opportunity. The key to staying safe from assault or robbery is to avoid places or activities that provide a criminal the opportunity to commit a crime against you.

                Likewise, the best way to avoid domestic assault is to take steps to limit the attacker's opportunity to get away with the crime.

                Probably the least expensive measure you can take to protect yourself against crime is to incorporate certain habits into your daily routine that make you and your family less vulnerable. Adopt a security conscious lifestyle. The best prevention is precaution. A basic rule is to stay alert to your surroundings. Trust your instincts. If you feel uncomfortable in a place or situation, leave!

                Evaluate the extent to which you lead a security conscious lifestyle by taking the following survey

THE PERSONAL SAFETY CHECKLIST:

In the House:

Y             N                Do you keep doors and windows locked at all times?

Y             N                Do out have a peephole so that you can see who is outside without having to open the door?

Y             N                Do you always verify a person's identification before opening your door?

Y             N                If a stranger asks to use your phone, do you refuse to let them into your home and offer to make the call yourself?

Y             N                Do you as a woman living alone use your first initials only in telephone directories, on mailboxes, etc.?

Y             N                Do you refuse to reveal personal information to anyone on the phone or at your door?

Y             N                Do you always have your keys ready when approaching your home?

Y             N                Do you always have your keys ready when approaching your car?

Y             N                If you return home to find windows and doors tampered with, would you avoid entering and go to a neighbor's                                    house to call the police?

Telephone Answering:

Y             N                Do you teach family members not to give personal or family information to strangers over the phone?

T             N                Do you record only non-specific messages on your answering machine and avoid messages like "we'll be back at 7                                    o'clock on Sunday?

Y             N                If you receive an obscene or crank call, would you hang up immediately, saying nothing?

On the Go:

Y             N                Do you plan in advance to use the safest route to your destination?

Y             N                Do you choose busy, well-lit streets?

Y             N                Do you avoid routes that pass by high-risk areas, i.e., vacant lots, alleys?

Y             N                Do you avoid isolated bus stops?

Y             N                Do you walk facing traffic so you can see approaching cars?

Y             N                Do you walk near the curb to avoid the element of surprise or someone hiding between shrubs or in a doorway?

Y             N                Do you stay out of reach  if someone in a vehicle stops to ask directions?

Y             N                Are you wary of approaching strangers?

Y             N                If you continue to be followed, do you flee to the nearest safe place?

Y             N                Do you try to get a description of the person and/or vehicle following you?

Y             N                Do you avoid hitchhiking?

Y             N                Do you avoid carrying large sums of money in your purse or wallet?

Y             N                Do you carry your purse close to your body, without wrapping the straps around your arm or hand?

Y             N                Do you avoid leaving a purse unattended, even for a moment?

Y             N                Do you avoid  displaying large amounts of cash in public?

IN YOUR CAR:

Y             N                Do you always lock your car doors while driving?

Y             N                Do you keep windows rolled up whenever possible?

Y             N                Do you avoid picking up hitchhikers?

Y             N                Do you keep your car in good running order to avoid break down in dangerous areas?

Y             N                Do you look for well-lit areas to park your car?

Y             N                Do you always lock your car when it is parked?

Y             N                Do you look around the car before you get out, especially at night or in deserted areas such as underground                                     parking lots?

Y             N                When returning to your car, do you have your keys in hand?

Y             N                Do you look in the back seat before getting into the car?

Y             N                If you are being followed, do you avoid going home and go to the nearest place of safety instead?

IF YOU ANSWERED "NO" TO ANY OF THESE QUESTIONS, CONSIDER A CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR TO INCREASE YOUR SECURITY.

What if it Happens to You:

                When faced with danger, trust yourself. Stay as calm as possible. Think rationally, without panicking. Evaluate your options. There is no one right way to respond to a confrontation. Every situation is different. The response depends upon the circumstances: location of the attack, your personal resources, the characteristics of the assailant and the presence of weapons.

                There are many strategies that are effective, but you must rely on your own judgments choose the best one:

                No Resistance

                Stalling for time

                Negotiating

                Distraction and then fleeing

                Verbal assertiveness

                Screaming to attract attention

Always make a conscious effort to get an accurate description of your attacker and call the police immediately.

CHILD SAFETY:

Helpful Rules to Keep Young People Safe:  

                Most parents want to educate their children about sexual abuse, but they don't know how. These guidelines will help parents teach their children how to keep safe. Remember, you can't tell a child too much. Knowledge doesn't stimulate inappropriate behavior-Ignorance does. Parents who talk openly with their children will be "assumable: parents, and children will feel free to bring their worries and concerns to them in the future.

11 Steps to Safety:

                1. An unattended child is a child at risk. Arrange with your child an alternative place to wait if you are delayed, especially in the darker winter evenings. Suggest a well-lit store or inside an arena or school.

                2. Have children walk in pairs or groups.

                3. Children should always travel the same way home.

                4. Don't allow your young child to go to a public washroom unattended.

                5. Check your baby-sitter’s credentials thoroughly. In your absence, they are guardians of a priceless treasure.

                6. Tell your child it is not rude to ignore an adult who is asking directions on the street. Another adult cod be asked for more accurate directions.

                7. Tackle the subject of sexual abuse prevention with theta same honest, matter of fact manner you would attach to road safely. Remember, the only time a child will ask you about sexual abuse is after it has happened. Open the subject and your child will remember that you are askable.

                8. Discuss with your child the difference between fact and fiction so that they may understand the nature of taking an oath. (this may be necessary for a court appearance.)

                9. If you suspect that an abuse has taken place.

                                Do encourage the child to talk about it.

                                Do establish in the child's mind that he/she is not to blame.

                                Do Not correct the child's story; listen to the original words, even those which are babyish or family words.

                                Do not suggest or modify what the child is trying to say. Your ideas might confuse the truth.

                                Do not show horror or anger; however if caught by a surprise and unable to control your emotions, be clear that your anger is meant for the offender, not the past.         

                10. When you are aware of an incident of sexual abuse, call the  police or the child welfare authorities immediately. Ensure that a social worker, a police officer and someone supportive to the child is present when the evidence is given.

                11. Wise children should know:

                                Their own address and telephone number.

                                Where to go in an emergency.

                                Never to talk to strangers.

                                Never to get into a stranger's car.

                                Never accept candy, and gifts from strangers.

                                Always play in safe places.

THE CHILD SAFETY CHECK LIST:

Y             N                Does your child know what to do if lost?

Y             N                Have you ever discussed peer pressure with your child?

Y             N                Have you ever discussed with your child what abnormal behavior is?

Y             N                Have you discussed with your children what should be done if they find themselves at a questionable party?

Y             N                Have you ever taken a walking tour of your neighborhood?

Y             N                Have you physically checked out the facilities your child attends such as day care or school, sports facilities or                                    other play areas?

Y             N                Does your child know when to reject adult authority?

Y             N                Are both you and your child prompt?

Y             N                Do you know if your child is a follower?

Y             N                Can you account for your child's whereabouts hourly?

Y             N                Have you discussed with your child who might be the best people to approach if he or she needs help?

Y             N                Have you ever done any public transportation training with your child?

Y             N                Do you know specifically how much money your child has to spend?

Y             N                In the presence of your child, do you display a positive attitude towards police and the law?

Y             N                Is your home a gathering place for kids?

                                  A) Listen to your child?

                                  B) Spend enough time with your child?

Y             N                Does your child know how and where to reach you at any time?

If you have answered "NO" to any of these questions, consider a change in behavior to increase your child's security.

SECTION 3:

PERSONAL PROPERTY PROTECTION:

                Law enforcement agencies report that rather is an alarming growth in the number of thefts of personal property, particularly automobiles, in recent years. Although many citizens are insured against theft of personal property, ultimately all of us pay for such crimes in the form of higher insurance rates and increased taxes for more law enforcement personnel. Therefore, it is important to do all you can to prevent such crimes.

Auto Theft Prevention:          

                Auto theft is a widespread crime that affects the whole community. Higher insurance rates, property damage and possible injuries and loss of life from accidents are the results. It's a billion dollar a year crime. The thieves' motives are joy-riding, transportation or profit  (either selling the vehicle or stripping the parts). You can reduce the risk of theft of your unattended car, its parts or contents by observing certain precautions.

                The majority of stolen cars were left unlocked, often with the keys in the ignition. Whether you leave your car for a moment or for several hours, always lock it and take the keys with you. Never leave your vehicle with the engine running. Don't make it easy for a thief!       

                Be Careful of Your Keys:

                Keep car keys and house keys on separate rings. Never have an identification tag on your car key ring - thieves may use it to locate your car. Never hide an extra car key under the hood

                Secure Valuables and Parcels:

                Never leave check books, credit cards or other such articles unattended in your car. Lock valuables in the trunk.

                Park in Well-Lit and Busy Areas:

                This is important for both your personal safety and the protection of your car and its contents.

                Secure Your Registration:

                Do not keep your vehicle registration or driver's license inside your car. Carry it with you.

                Mark Your Property:

                Criminals have also found it profitable to steal equipment and accessories. Engraving tools are available to mark equipment and accessories such as batteries, stereos, CB radios and hub caps.

                Discourage Thieves:

                Some thieves specialize in lifting the door-locking to buttons with a coat hanger. Consider purchasing smooth, non-flared locking buttons for your car doors.

                Hood hocks are available for vehicles with goods that can be opened from the outside. Alarm systems can be installed on your vehicle. Alarms can be wired to go off if any door, hood or trunk is opened and to detect any movement of the car.

                Fuel and electrical cutoff devices can be installed to shut off fuel to a vehicle engine shortly after starting if the vehicle is stolen. Hidden switches can be wired to prevent starting a car with a stolen key or to help deter easy jump starting.

If You Are the Victims:

Report the Theft to the Police Immediately:

                If your car or accessories are stolen, the police will need specific information to identify the car, parts and accessories:

                                Color, year, make and model.

                                License Number.

                                Vehicle identification  number (serial number).

                                Tires size, brand and serial number.

                                Special equipment-CB radios, tape player, etc. description make and an serial numbers.

                                Dents, scratches or other accidental damage that make your car different from any other car of the same make and model.

BICYCLE THEFT PREVENTION:

                Bicycles are once again becoming a popular mode of transportation. Along with an increase demand for bikes comes higher prices. So whether you buy a bike for transpiration or recreation, you should protect your investment. each year thousands of dollars worth of bicycles are stolen. A large number of these are never returned to the owners.

                Every precaution should be taken when leaving your bike unattended. Use a good chain and lock to secure your bike to a pole,  tree  or fence. At home, lock your bike in the yard, even if it is stored in a garage or shed. Never park your bike even for a few minutes without chaining and locking it. That's all the opportunity a thief needs.

                Mark your bicycle through the Operation Identification program. You may want to consider marking various parts in the event that the bike is tripped. Keep a record of the full description and the serial number of the bike. This information will assist in recovering and returning the bike if it is stolen.

Vandalism:   

                Vandalism is "wreck creation" and it's no joke. As a matter of fact it's a Crime and an expensive one.

                Vandalism is the senseless and often malicious destruction of property. Destruction and damage to both public and private property runs into millions of dollars in Washington State. We all pay for vandalism through loss of property, personal and physical discomfort, possible danger to life, increased taxes to cover damage to public property and increased insurance costs. Vandalism can take place anywhere that an opportunity exists at any time.

                Vandals, like burglars, prefer to commit their crimes where they are unlikely to be seen. One of the most effective programs a community group can undertake to avoid vandalism is the Block Watch Program.

                Seventy - five percent of vandals are between the ages of 7 and 18. Therefore a great responsibility lies with  parents. The most effective education comes from the home. Teach your children to respect public an private property. Young people should learn to have a sense of pride in their community. If you are a victim of vandalism report it immediately and take steps to remove evidence of the damage to avoid additional problems.

SECTION 4:

COMMUNITY POLICING:

                The notion of community policing has been around for years. It is only recently that police and sheriff's departments around the state have begun to institutionally embrace the idea of involving citizens directly in police work in order to attack the root causes of crime.

THE ROLE OF CITIZENS:

                In order to effectively reduce crime in any given community, citizens must play an active role. You can do your part as a citizen crime fighter by:

                1. Adopting the crime prevention principles contained in this handbook and using them daily.

                2. Acting as the "eyes and ears" of law enforcement and calling police when you suspect a crime has occurred or is about to occur.

                3. Alerting and working with your law enforcement agency on your neighborhood concerns and supporting community efforts to jointly solve problems. 

                The back cover of this handbook contains telephone numbers you may call to report criminal activity. according to federal authorities, less than 40% of all crimes committed in the U.S. are reported. If you don't call, law enforcement can't respond.

THE ROLE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT:

                Community policing refers to a philosophy of policing that can take many different forms depending on how it is implemented.

                The community policing philosophy focuses on citizen involvement as an integral part of the solution to crime problems. Police departments all across the state are adopting this philosophy in one form or another and beginning to work hand in hand with individuals, block watch organizations and other community groups to attack the root causes of crime.

                To find out about community policing efforts in your area, contact your local police or sheriff's department.

COMMUNITY POLICING PROGRAMS:

Crime Stoppers:

                The Crime Stoppers program is one of the most successful examples of community policing in the state. This program allows citizens who have information about a crime that has been committed to anonymously cal  and provide police with information . If the information leads to an arrest and charge, the local Crime Stoppers program will pay up to $1,000 to the citizen who provided the information. Below are Crime Stoppers regional programs and the telephone numbers to call to report information.          

THE STOP FRAUD NETWORK:

                The Stop Fraud Network is a fraud prevention program designed to teach senior citizens how to protect themselves from con artists. Sponsored by the Washington State Attorney General's Office, this program also encourages senior citizens to call a toll-free fraud hot-line when they become aware of fraudulent activity. This enables law enforcement to identify fraud and act quickly.

                This program exemplifies community policing in that it is a coalition effort involving fifteen statewide organizations from the private, public and non-profit sectors and widespread citizen involvement. It has received national attention because of the innovative, private-public strategies that were employed to manage and fund the program.           

For more information about the Stop Fraud Network, call the Stop Fraud Hot-line at (800) 622-0033.

REFERENCES:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:

The following individuals contribute to the production of this handbook:

Editing:

Melissa May, Airborne Express 

Doug Shadel

Graphic Design:

Wayne Kaseguma, Kas Design

Jeffrey Aguilar, Attorney General's Office

Gordon Swanson, Windward Design

Jonathan Bridgman, Bridgman Design

Text:

Penny Bryant, Renton Police Department

Diane Horswill, Seattle Police Department

Nanaimo Royal Canadian Mounted Police 

Steve Rittereiser, Central WA Univ. Police 

Debbie Davis, Spokane Block Watch 

Al Ward, Bellevue Police Department

Dick Thornberry, Everett Police Department

Daryl Pearson, Walla Walla PD

A MESSAGE FROM PEMCO INSURANCE COMPANIES:

                When you think about ways to prevent crime, alarm systems, deadbolt locks, and guard dogs probably come to mind. However, we possess a powerful crime deterrent we don't always realize we have: We can nurture our children. 

                Parents: You help your children develop self-esteem and a sense of belonging by loving and nurturing them. With those vital tools, kids can respect others and make wise decisions.

                Seek help if your home has a domestic-violence problem. Children who see abuse at home run a higher risk of juvenile delinquency and drug abuse. They grow  up thinking violence is a legitimate way to solve problems. 

                If you're not a parent, you can still do your part to help kids develop honesty, feel good about themselves, and learn right from wrong. Volunteer with kid's organizations in your community and become a friend to a child. Support your local schools and those who work there. Include neighborhood kids in you r Block Watch program by organizing "second homes" they can go to in an emergency.

                You have only one chance to raise your child. And you always can help other kids who don't get the love and support they need at home. Make the time now to be a friend, teacher, and role model to a child. That's one crime-prevention measure that will protect everyone.

 Stan W. McNaughton

  Pemco Insurance Companies